{"id":65856,"date":"2023-12-14T08:34:08","date_gmt":"2023-12-14T06:34:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/revistaidees.cat\/analisis\/diari-de-les-idees\/diari-de-les-idees-argentina-la-por-al-present-mes-forta-que-la-por-al-futur\/"},"modified":"2023-12-15T10:45:21","modified_gmt":"2023-12-15T08:45:21","slug":"diari-de-les-idees-argentina-la-por-al-present-mes-forta-que-la-por-al-futur","status":"publish","type":"newspaper","link":"https:\/\/revistaidees.cat\/en\/analisis\/diari-de-les-idees\/diari-de-les-idees-argentina-la-por-al-present-mes-forta-que-la-por-al-futur\/","title":{"rendered":"Diari de les idees – Argentina: Fear of the present stronger than fear for the future"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

The landslide victory obtained in the Argentinian presidential elections by the coalition lead by the ultraliberal Javier Milei shows that the fear of the present has prevailed over the fear for the future. This explains the massive votes in favour of the Libertad Avanza<\/em> candidate: most of society is tired of the day-to-day reality of a country with a 140% of annual inflation, where 40% of the population are poor, and the consequent desire for change. The extent of Milei\u2019s victory also lies on the Peronist vote transfer to the libertarian candidate. The same phenomenon happened to radicalism: its affiliates and supporters disregarded the neutrality declared by the leaders of Uni\u00f3n C\u00edvica Radical<\/em> (UCR) and opted for Milei\u2019s party, which reaffirms a long observed reality: traditional political parties have lost centrality and specific weight.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

By choosing a leader without any political experience and with an ultraliberal agenda, Argentina is opening a period that foreshadows a convulsed period as Milei will have to build his government team around the parties and candidates that supported him\u2014Juntos por el Cambio<\/em>, led by former president Mauricio Macri, and Patricia Bullrich, who came third on the first round. With the addition of vice-president candidate Victoria Villaruel, an out-and-out defender of historical revisionism regarding the brutal dictatorship from 1976 to 1983. Both Villaruel and Milei have defended the National Reorganization Process and have publicly called into question the 30.000 “disappeared”. Forty years after the return of democracy to Argentina, a majority of voters have supported this dangerous revisionism.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is also important to place the new president in the context of Argentinian politics characterised by the 75-year-long struggle between Peronism and anti-Peronism. Although the elected president defines himself as a liberal when it comes to economic matters and as a free-market militant that has made the move to politics to overcome this ideological dichotomy, his alliance with Macri and Bullrich to secure their votes on the second round marks his entry into the traditional anti-Peronist club. On the other hand, the opposing vote was one of the reasons why the majority voted against the government, against the left, and against the State. Another fundamental reason has been Milei\u2019s ability to identify with change by insisting repeatedly that change was necessary in Argentina and this could not to be done with a corrupt ruling class. Indeed, nothing more suggestive to seize the votes of those who perceive him as an outsider that using the \u201ccaste\u201d image; the left has been trying to discredit this move by denouncing Milei\u2019s alliance with representatives of this same elite, Macri and Bullrich among them. Their strategy did not work.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It will not be easy for the president either to launch his political agenda with a Congress in which his party has only 39 members out of the 257 that make up the Chamber. He would have to add up to 129 to obtain a majority that not a single party has; neither the Peronists, that have most members, nor the Juntos por el Cambio<\/em> (JxC) coalition, now partially fractured due to Mauricio Macri\u2019s support for Milei, given without his party\u2019s approval. After the presidential elections, the Argentinian political scene has been recomposed in three political blocs: Milei and Macri, the Peronists, and the UCR as a centrist opposition. The president-elect could therefore see his political activity hampered by the most conservative opposition since his main ally, Mauricio Macri, has already warned that he can block the most controversial measures of Milei\u2019s program (dollarization, privatisation of healthcare and education, severing of relations with China and Brazil).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Milei\u2019s reforms proposed during the election campaign offer an uncertain horizon for Argentina. Adopting the dollar has been his workhorse, an attractive bait for many voters in a country where its currency has been devalued exponentially for the last four years. Argentina would thus follow the same path as Ecuador, El Salvador, Panama, and other small countries. However, this measure is not feasible in the short term because in Argentina, the dollar is a scarce asset, and the Central Bank does not have enough reserves to face a massive currency change without generating a hyperinflation that would lead the country to collapse.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hence, the president thinks in the medium-term and trusts that in a year or two the country will have enough currency to adopt the dollar. What would then no longer exist, if he were true to his word, is the Central Bank, since he aspires to eliminate the institution to end inflation dynamics. Milei has also announced his intentions of slashing ministries in his obsession with cutting government spending and leaving it to the private sector to control public works. Moreover, his electoral programme includes cutting subsidies and economic aid in a country where out of ten citizens four live below the poverty line and one out of ten lives in destitution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

By trusting that the market will cover all necessities, Milei\u2019s intentions of leaving all aspects of social, economic, and cultural life in the hands of corporations without any regulation in the name of libertarian ideology raises significant concern. Furthermore, even if Milei considers himself to be pro-life, his proposal to turn organ donation into a free-market sector raises ethical questions about human integrity and the possibility that everything can be subject to the law supply and demand.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The election of Javier Milei therefore announces the beginning of a fourth destruction cycle of Argentina\u2019s socio-productive structure, at the mercy of the free evolution of the market without any of the check-and-balances provided by liberal democracies: total price liberalisation along with the removal of price controls; drastic reduction of government expenditure; privatisation of state-owned companies, etc. This programme recalls what the Minister of Economy during the military regime set in motion and which was implemented during Carlos Menem (1989-1999) and Mauricio Macri\u2019s (2015-2019) mandates. The result was a huge financial crisis with high labour and social costs for most of the population with the so-called financial corralito<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

After the presidential inauguration, the new Minister of Economy, Luis Caputo, has published the first package of measures: devaluation of the peso followed by a provisional import tax; halve the number of federal ministries and secretariats of state; cut transfers from the central state to provinces; repeal of the tender for public works, which will have to be financed by the private sector; reduce energy and public transportation subsidiaries; discontinue of expenditure on government institutional advertising for a year; relaxation of import approval processes, that will no longer need state authorisation; non-renewal of state employment contracts in force for a period of less than one year; and increase direct money transfers to families most in need.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Finally, in case there are any doubts about whether Javier Milei will accommodate the pressure from traditional parties or will be intransigent with his adversaries, his final words from his victory speech, citing Juan Domingo Per\u00f3n, were quite revealing: \u201cWithin the law, everything; outside the law, nothing\u201d.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

Photography: Wikimedia Commons.<\/sub><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Flavia Villanueva, Marta Vicente and Marina Bag\u00e9s, trainee students at the CETC, have participated in this issue of Diari de les idees<\/em>.<\/sub><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The landslide victory obtained in the Argentinian presidential elections by the coalition lead by the ultraliberal Javier Milei shows that the fear of the present has prevailed over the fear for the future. This explains the massive votes in favour of the Libertad Avanza candidate: most of society is tired of the day-to-day reality of a country with a 140% of annual inflation, where 40% of the population are poor, and the consequent desire for change. The extent of Milei\u2019s victory also lies on the Peronist vote transfer to the libertarian candidate. The same phenomenon happened to radicalism: its affiliates\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":64997,"template":"","category_newspaper":[563],"segment":[],"subject":[],"class_list":["post-65856","newspaper","type-newspaper","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category_newspaper-563"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nDiari de les idees - Argentina: Fear of the present stronger than fear for the future – IDEES<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/revistaidees.cat\/en\/analisis\/diari-de-les-idees\/diari-de-les-idees-argentina-la-por-al-present-mes-forta-que-la-por-al-futur\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Diari de les idees - Argentina: Fear of the present stronger than fear for the future – IDEES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The landslide victory obtained in the Argentinian presidential elections by the coalition lead by the ultraliberal Javier Milei shows that the fear of the present has prevailed over the fear for the future. This explains the massive votes in favour of the Libertad Avanza candidate: most of society is tired of the day-to-day reality of a country with a 140% of annual inflation, where 40% of the population are poor, and the consequent desire for change. The extent of Milei\u2019s victory also lies on the Peronist vote transfer to the libertarian candidate. 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